Developmental effects of barium exposure in a marine bivalve (Mytilus californiensis). Spangenberg, J. V. and G. N. Cherr. From the Abstract: “Previous reports indicated that barium (Ba) and/or strontium (Sr) were primarily responsible for the toxicity of a southern California produced water to developing marine embryos. Read more about Developmental effects of barium exposure in a marine bivalve (Mytilus californiensis).